Press.



msr BLANCHARD; PRESS.

LPPLIULTIOK FILED 'PBL 190D- Patented Nov. 8, 1910.

THE nanars Fsrsxs ca., wAsmNamNY mc.

K.V S. BLANCHARD.

PRESS. APPLIOATIGN FILED APB..2',1909.

Patented Nov. 8 1910.

2.. T E E H. H ,T E E H ,s nu

1HE NoRms PETERS co., wnsunmnm, ynu s.

K. s.. BLANGHARD.

' PRESS.

APPLICATION FILBDAPBJ, 1909.

Patented Nov.s,1'91'o HHM a.

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0. 1 9 1 8. w, N d e .fb m 3 D..

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THE N'nRRls Ferias cu., wyAswmcrhfnrc.

u u u u n n @ununnuuuuuuuu u u nn u uw SN Patented Nav. s

nnss. APPLIOATlOI FILED AH.. 2, 1009.

K. s. BLANCHARD.

PRESS. l APPLICATION FILED un. z, 1009.

' Patented Nov. 8, 1910.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

. law/612W.

THE NoRms persas ca., wAsHlNaroN. n. c.

vK. S.'BLANGHARD.

' PRESS.

' AIPPLIQAIIOE FAILED APRJ, 1909.

Patented Nov. s, 1910.

9 Sums-BREST 1.

duna. c.

K. s. BLANCHARD.

PRESS.

APrLxoATIoN FILED APB. z, 1909.

Patented NOV. 8, 1910.

I E SHEETS-SHEET 8.

'eorney Patented Nov. s, 1910.

bauma-summa.

1 L f @9.20, x l 75 l 125749./ 53 76 o IoA 7? lf li fp v 77 zowney.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

KIRK S. BLANCHARD, OFBHILADELAPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

PRESS.

vSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 8,1910.

To all whom .it may concern:

Be it known. that I, KIRK S. BLANoi-IARD,

of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia, in the Stateof/Pennsylvania, have invented new vand useful Improvements in Presses,ofwhich the following, taken inV f usually placed in suitable digestersor tanks Where it is subjected lto steam in thel resence; ofanreifective solvent for iique ying the'garbageiandf liberating any oilsand fats which may bei present therein.

The present method of handling. garbage,

-. so fari-as I am aware, not only. requires the iemployment ofconsiderable labor, but necessitates more or less handling of certainparts ofthefapparatus whichhavebeen in direct-v contactwith the garbage,thereby rendering the process laborious andextremely unsanl tary,atleast so far asf the health of the.A

Workmen is concerned. l

The maln` object of my present invention is to render the process ofexpelling the cils,

lfats andother ,liquids fentirely automatic sev -and to..thereby .avoidthe necessityl .for

l ihandlingany part.' of` the. apparatus .which may come in .directcontactwith the garbage.- f-duning suchz. process... In otherV Words,,If

have soughtto-f produce a more4 expeditious,

I. greater quantityofsuchlbyfproduots from.`

economicalland .sanitary method of rec-overw ingv the try-products.etz-garbage '-and. .similar 1naterials,and at the same time; to obtain aheretofore been practiced.

i the following description.

. This .letr end gates, the f inlet` Vgate being. `tempov,

rariiy opened to receive such quantity, during which the outlet gate isclosed, and when a suiiicient quantity has flowed into the receptaclethe inletl gate is automatically closed, whereupon the entire mass issubpiston or plunger until practically allie-f theA oils, greases, andother liquids are expelled therefrom through4 the foraminous bottomsides, after which the outlet gate is automatically' opened and theforaminous bottom or bed is then moved 'suiiieiently to expel thecompressed solids from the machine, the gates being then' restored tothe proper positions for permitting the flow of the next charge orquantity of Iliquid tankage into the receptacle, 4the. actionfcf thegates, piston and movable bed being entirely automatic and properlysynchronized to ob tainthe desir-ed iilling, compression and discharge.

In the drawingse-Figures 1 and 2 are opA y posite .side elevations of apress embodying vsectional yiew of the same machine through thel pistonjust above the press-head',y show- "in'g particularly the press-box,press-head and endless bed, .together with-the cylinders and connectionsfor. operating the bed and side walis'of the box, and also showing thescrap-er plate for. loosening the compressed material from the bed.fFig'. 54 i-s a central transverse vertical sectional 'viewof themachine shown in Figs. 1 and-2 except that the upper portion of thepiston is shown in elevation. Figs. 6 and7 are enlar ed elevationspartly insection of opposite si es ofthe upper portions of the machine,showing in Fig. 6 a portion'of the piping'system and power Other-objectsand-uses relating to specific parts ofthe machine will'be brought outin.'

driven mechanism for controlling the supply .and relief valves forthemainc'ompression cylinder, Fig. 7'-showing the safety valvesrecess-briefly described is as fol- .t ilows: T esteemheated-liquidgarbage orA and-operating mechanism therefor to afford 1relief for'the o erating fluid under pressure f in case of.lea age inany 'of the supply .valves,;or.. small.. cylinders. F.ig. 8-is an outerface View partly-in s'ectionfcf the inlet orlrear end gate 4showing a@locking device .for -preventing thefull,.opening..of

y ected to pressure by an automatic'hydraulic such gate until the outletor front end gate is closed. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the samelocking device shown in Fig. 8. Fig. l() is a detail sectional view ofthe rock shaft and pawl and pawl actuating device on the outlet gate forrocking said shaftand releasing the locking device shown in Figs. 8 and9 as the outlet gate assumes its closed position. Fig. 11 is an enlargedelevation, partly broken away and partly" means for actuating said sideWalls laterally. Fig. 14 is an enlarged detail sectional View of aportion of one side of thelower "cylinders for the main or belt. Fi :clinder' an end of the piston and adjacent portion of the presser plate,showing the connection between 'said parts. Fig.' 15 is an enlargeddetail sectional view of 'a portion of one side of the presser plateshowing particularly Athe packing stri which co-acts with the adjacentside of t e press box to prevent leakage. F ig. 16 is an enlargedvertical sectional view through the rack and 'pinion and adjacent clutchfor actuating the endless bed. -F ig. 17 is a sectional view takenV online 17e-17 Fig. 16. Fig. 18 is an enlarged vertical sectional,viewthrough one of the valves seen in Fig. 6,. showing 'particularlythe operating lever and adja-v cent portion 'of its actuating rod seenin Fig. 11. Fig.' 19 is a vertical sectional view partly broken away ofone of the lifting iston and presser head.- Fig. 20 is asimilarsectional view of one of the cylinders and piston for controlling theaction of one of the gates. Fig. -21 is a longitudinal sectional viewpartly broken away of the cylinder and piston for controlling theoperation of the endless bed 22 is a top plan of the main upper portionof the frame, s owing the groups of pressure and relief valves andpipesconnected thereto.

This machine comprises an intermittently movable endless bed, apress-head movable toward and from the bed, and a press-box *ov eratedseparately'but in proper synchromsm l thrmgh the medium of a system ofhydraulic mechanisms derivingtheir power or Huid pressure from the samesource.

Endless bett-This bed forms the Vbottom of the press-box to support thematerial under pressure and to discharge the comressed solids from themachine after the iquid by-products have been expelled therefrom, and inthis instance is disposed in a substantially horizontal position andcornprises a pair of link belts 1- and separate foraminous bars -2-having removable perforated surface plates -8- secured thereto bysuitable fastening means, as screws -4-. The link belts 1- are mountedinparallel vertical planesat opposite sides of the machine upon sprocketwheels 5- which in turn are secured in pairs upon shafts -6- and -7- atopposite ends of the machine and at some distance beyond the front andrear end ates of rese-box hereinafter described For supporting) theupper portion of the endless bed in a su st antially horizontal plane,the intermediate ortion of the bed beingsuspended in this p aneA againstsagging by underlying guide beams or ways -8- which in turn aresupported upon transverse I-beams -9- forming a part of the mainsupporting frame.

The shaft 6 which supports the front sprocket wheels 5 at the dischargeend of the machine, is journaled in fixed bearings -10-' on the outerupright sides of upwardly converging frame bars dll- 1 the shaft -7- atthe opposite or inlet end of the machine being journaled in adjustablebearin s *l2- which are movablelengqthwiseo the machine in suitable Ways-134- on the adjacent upright frame bars 1lsaid bearings being adjustedand held in their adjusted position by adjusting screws -14-, as bestseen in Figs, 1, 2 andi/l to permit the endless -be'dfto be tensi'onedwhen necessary.

The bars 2- which -constitute lthehbed late or bottom of the press-boxcorrespond 1n number to the number ofi links in each of the belts 1- andf are arranged edge" to edge in close proximity thereupomeach'bedplatebeing secured at its ends to' the.corresponding inks of the belt 1- bysuitable fastening means, as bolts -15-,' las best seen in Fig. 5,- andalso having a series'4v of parallel slots extending therethrough fromtop to bottom, which, together with the superposed perforated plates'-3-', allow the passage of the expressed liquid therethrough and intoan underlying inclined vat or conduit -16--, the latter dischargingthrough a suitable outlet 17-- into an underlying conduit -18-, fromwhich the'liquid may be conducted by gravity ,or otherwisetosuitable-storage tanks or any other receptacle not shown. i Each" of theperforated plates ils-'comparatively thin and liesin a recessof'correspon'ding size in the 'outer side of the slotted bar --2-, theperforations being elongated transversely o f the slots in is" supportedupon the' bed, thv

movable, as previously described', by the removal: of the screws -4- topermit lthe removal of plates that might become defective and thereplacing of new ones. These bars and plates 2* and J3-'- are preferthepresser-head against the! Which guidesor bars -8- upon which 1 posedpress-b0x and extending endWise slightly beyond the end gates to affordample` 'supportto effectively resist the pressure upon this portion ofthe bedtlh-roughout the areaof "the botto-m of the "presser-head.

' Belty operating mechanism/. The endless bed is normally at rest duringthe pressingf operation or compression stroke of the piston after theoutletgate is opened and the inlet lso gate slightly elevated toclearthe bed, and

the sides ofthe box slightlyse} :arated toI clear'the. compressedmaterial, the endlessl bed is operated with considerable speed and" asufficient distance to carry the compressed 'solids from under theApresser-head and beyond the outlet .gate'and forcibly eject'. or

expelthem at -t-hefront endof the `'bed linto areceptacle orconveyerl-not' shovv'n, and delivf 4ered to 'any'point desired.

A clutchsection or internal ratchet Wheel -'19 is secured by a :set'screw #2O-L, t

'16, to the outer endofthe sprocket sha I and upon the adjacent end ofthe sameshaft is' loosely mounted a .pinion 1:-21*u carrying a seriesof, in this instance,A threel pavvls 422-, Fig. .17,1 said 'pay'vlsbeing spring pressed/into' engagement with the" teeth of the ratchetWheel-e-IQ-I-ivhich. all

lows the pinion to be rotated in the direction indicated by" the arrovvai, Fig. 17 Without rotating the shaft, but When-the'l pinion is rotatedin the oppositedirection"the engagement' of the pavvls -22- with theteeth of the ratchet Wheel -'19- serves to rotate said ratchet Wheel andshaft -64 to which it is secured, thereby operating they endless bed todischarge the compressed-solidstherefrom. As best seen inl Fig.1,1th`epinion *21- meshes With a sliding tooth rack 423- Which is guidedin suitable `Ways'. -24 andA is` connected to a piston rodl 25- carryinga piston h@26- zwhich is Staining` iefce'n'tral' portion of the upperside of the endls bedjg, rides, being arranged side by side in 4"c *osevproximityfrom' side to sideof the superi movable in a cylinder -'-27,the opposite end of said piston being provided with a 'guide stem or rod28- lof` somewhat greater diameter than the rod -25-f so that theexposed areay at onez-end of the piston facing the smaller rod -25- isgreater than that at the opposite end, as clearly shown in Fig. 21. Thecylinder 2T- is provided at its opposite ends With ports L29- and @80'-which are connected respectively by ably Inadeof steel or other suitablemetal V,capablehof withstanding the pressure to Which they are subjectedby thgi-operation of vton isoperatedby lfluidysuch as Water or loil,under pressure, Which isalternately admitted to the ports 29.- andW-30-"of the cylinder through thefpipes--31A and 32y for moving the piston inopposite d irections. The port 29-4 communicates Avviththe endof thelpiston o f `greatest area,

*While-the opposite `port communicates :With

the-smaller end of the piston, and as soon as the mainflcompressionpisto'nhas completed its compression'stroke and' has begun its upwardmovement suiiicientto clear the com- ',.p'ressed' solids, at Which'tim'ethe outletgate ,is fully/opened and the inlet y gate is'elevatedjus'tsuii'ciently toclear the bedand the sides of the p'ressfbox aremoved from -each other s'uiiicient toclear the ycompressed material, theValve, `controlling passage of the ypressure y port- '-29-, is opened toallovvtheentrance of wmitting similar'movementto the endless -bedthrough the medium of the rack Al Q3-e; pinion l 21; and'-clutch-'section --19-4, after Which the valve connected to the pipe --31is lclosedY and such pipe isimmediately'placed in communicationvvith avrelief valve and "the 'pressure fluid'adinitted` toi-theV 'smaller "end:of the piston' for returning such/piston to' its i starting position.'The .l check-1 valves for controlling the passage ofthe-pressure .fluidto the several'cylindersiwil'l bef hereinafter more fully'described. 'fThe main supportingflegs --11-'Hi are arranged in pairs located atoppositefsi'desof "the machine, those voit eachglpair convergingupwardly; andsupporting atv-theirv upper ends a strong and rigid'steelframe -"-33- 1 in which is rigidly secured' by any1-'suitable fasteningmeans a 'main-fpressure-'cylinder '34- and pendent= upright rods '35-Which sustain att-their lower ends-the I- Pressure 'mechnism{"-Themainpressure cylinder 34- 1s disposed 1n anfgupright .position"over, andsome distance above, the

inafter described for controlling the'llovvnof the pressure fluid to thecylinder and against the'end face; of `the piston of greatest area,

'thereby rapidly moving i'uchepiston toward the opposite end ofthevcylinder and-transthe pressure fluid to and from the cylinder, saidcylinder being provided with a suitable gland or stuffing-box w-38--inits lower end. A. piston -39- is movable in the cylinder -34- throughthe gland or stuffing-box -38- and has its lower end loosely seated in arecess in the upper side of an underlying plate 4G- A hollow orchambered presser-plate 11- is secured by suitable fastening means, asbolts -42- to the under side of the plate 4G- and, together n with theplate -40- and piston --39-, cony the presser-plates said pist-on isprovided with radially' 3rostitutes the presser-head, the lower plate4lbeing provided with tortuous steam passages adapted to be connected toa source of lsteam supply for heating the head and thereby facilitatingthe se aration of oils and similar ley-products rom the solids,particularly while the latter are under compression. These plates 40-and 4lare preferably rectangular or square in top plan and projectlaterally sonie Vdistance beyond the vertical sides of the lower end ofthe piston7 the plate 4C- being yieldingly connected to the lower end ofthe piston to allow the plates -lO- and` 4lvto tilt slightly relativelythereto in case some hard uncrushable substance, may lodge between theedges 0f the presser-plate and upper surface of the bed as the pistonapproaches the limit of `its compression stroke. that this yieldingconnection may be eifective and still prevent lateral movement ofrelatively to the piston,

jecting arms 44eeXtending over the our corners of the underlying plate4land in these arms are loosely sustainedl bolts I' -ll--which passthrough apertured lugs over the four 43- projecting laterally somedistance corners of the plate .4G- from the'bottom thereof. Secured tothe lower end o'f each bolt is a spring seat or washer -46,-and'interposed between each washer and the under side of the adjacent.

lug 4B- is a coil spring -47-, the coinlbined tension of said springsvbeing lsulli-"' cient to hold the plate -4()- against they under sideof the piston. The upper edges of the portions ofthe plate --40- whichsurround the lower end of the piston lit snugly against the sides of thepiston, but the lower edges of the pistoirare spaced a slight Adistanceapart from the surrounding sides of the plate 40%, leaving a slightclearance or opening 48, as best seen in Fig.

tilt slightly under the conditions previously described against theaction of the springs `The opposite `sides of the platen -41-- I 'are`formed with lengthwise grooves 4Q- In order 14, lwhich allows the plate,-440- toto ride against the inner faces of the sides of the press-boxto prevent leakage of the material at such joints.

The main piston -39- is forced downwardly by the introduction of thefluid under pressure through the port #36- and into the cylinder abovethe piston, which is of comparatively large area to produce a highdegree of pressure upon the underlying material upon the endless bedpreviously described, but is elevated or withdrawn from the bed byseparate hydraulic devices consisting in this instance of a pair ofupright cylinders -52- which are supported in the upper 4frame -33-, asbestv seen in Fig. 5, at opposite sides of the main cylinder w34- and inwhich are movable pistons -53- having piston rods -54--- eX- tendingthrough suitable glands in the lower ends of the cylinders -52- andconnected to laterally projecting lugs 55 on the plate -40- of thepresser-head. Each of the cylinders -52- is provided .with a port -56-which is connected by a pipe 57M to main supply pipe admitting the fluidYunder pressure to the cylinders -52-- which is constant and has no`controlling valves save main operating valve e140- so when valveletti-- is ope-ned admitting fluid to the press cylinders -5Qfthepistons of the latter are at once lifting on pressurehead which will bethereby elevated when the pressure valve -A- is vclosed leading to`cylinder QA- and relief valve B is opened allowingthe pressure fluid tobe discharged from main` cylinder -34- thereby elevating presser-headuntil the latter reaches the limit of its upward movement, whenftherelief valve -B- is closed and the "pressure valve -A-- is again openedadmitting the pressure fluid ,to main cylinder #S4- which causes thedescent of piston -39- and also .cylinder pistons erating fluid incylinders -52- being orced out through the same 110 conduits -57- by themain piston -39- Aand finds its exit in its return to the main pressureline or accumulator.

Press-b0m. -The tankage, such as garbage or other liquid solids tobetreated, is introduced by gravity from the superposed tanks not shown,through a suitable conduit -58- into one end of a suitable pressboxcomprising an inlet gate -59-, an outlet gate 60 and opposite movablesides 120 -61-, vll of which parts lie directly over and .in c oseproximity to the central upper portion of the underlying endless bed andserve to confine limited quantities of the material to be acted upon bythe presserhead. The gates p59* and '-630- are movable vertically towardand from the underlying bed and are guided at their ends in uprightgrooves -62- in the inner faces of the opposite ends of the sides -61f,130

Vi'o

4l- -'lilie inlet gate "5S-' 'fable acrossl the adjacent discharge r fthe conduit 458- to 'control the en terial to the press-box and is praloweredge with a knife-plate "t3-- stearing ywith a horizontaladjust-able shearingplate G4-- on the under side of the 'adjucent end'ofthe conduit 58- as best seen iiiFig. 3, and also ridingvv against theinner face of a bai' -65 which extends transvers/ely of the bed` acrossthe under-side of -the inner edge of the shearing-plate --t/lalnd,together with the adjacent end of the conduit -58-, are secured bybrackets 651- to opposite frame barsl 70.4, `the latter being rigi'dlyconnected to the upright legs -11-` at the adjacent sides of the machineand serving to additionally stiifen or strengthen the main supportingframe. A steel packing strip `f72 is' pivotally mounted in the underside .of the cross-bar -65- and extends transversely across and bearsupon the' uppe'r 'face of the underlying bed -to prevent the escape ofythe I adjacent' portion of the bed.'

liquid from the pressbox at this joint, said .clge in theA direction" ofmovement of the The shearing i plate -64-'4 isadjustabl'e to` take upwear,

"5 `piston rods-'714; connected to their respec tive gates,land in'practice Ip'referably einploy two cylinders and. corresponding pisv ,4'5Atonisiforreach"gatti, the 'pist-on rods of each suchadjustment"beiirg'eifected by means of ascrew #Z3-i, the 'shear-platebeing` held in its adjusted position by'a set screw `"-i4-z, as.

best seen in Fig. 3. "These inletandoutletgates 459-- andGO-"'are'operated at regiif i lar intervals by separate hydraulicdevices. consisting in' this instance of similar up-I `right cylinders'66- and 467+ in'which are movable similar pistons G8-.- havingy pair ofcylinders being 'connected to'their' corresponding' 'gates atl pointsequidistant froni 'the center thereof, so as to` move `both ends of thegate simultaneously-uiiiforni dis- 'tz-inces, it being understood thatin operation the pistons of 'each pair of cylinders are operatedsimultaneously' under the same fluid pressure.

As shown in Fig. 20,' each of the cylinders '4f-66 and G- is provided atits opposite end with separate ports 75- and 47- which are` connected bypipes` `--77- and -78- to' suitable supply-and relief-valveshereinafterdescribed.

The upper end' of the piston S- is provided with al stem the cylinderbeyondt-he port -7 so i thev upper end ofthe piston which commiinr Z9-o'f larger dif..

than the loF/verend of the piston which communicates .with the' `pcrt-4-76-4 and, therefore, any unit pressure on the bottomend of the pistonJSS-r' greater than that on the top end'of the piston, wouldmove the'piston upwardly and thereby open the gates, while the relief of thepressure from the lower end ofi'the piston would bytheconstant pressureon tcp end -79-- force down and close the gate', such pressure andrelief being controlled by the supply' and'relief 'valves previouslymentioned', the operating `mechanism for both gates bein adjusted so asto close their lower' ends icirmly 'against' the bed during theoperation of compressing the material thereon.

The opposite side pieces or' plates "-61- of the'press-boX 'are spacedsome'distance apart, preferably "directly over the outer edges of theunderlying bed or belt, and are movable slight distances' toward landV'from each other to free' the compressed material just prior to thedischarge thereof by the movement; ofthe belt in. the manner previouslydescribed."l This lateral movement of the side/pieces'v or plates is,however, -insuflicient" to `withdrav'v the grooves 4432* fromtheadj'acent" ends of' 'the'gates 459- In order that the'side 'plates#-61 of the ypress-boitinay be properly supported for adjustment orlateral 'movement, each plate is providedwitli a series of'studs -'81-'arranged at regular intervals throughout their height andlength. and'project laterally or 'outwardly through apertures -=82 in. the

wardly". through' apertures c 88- zin" the frame bars (1 eac'h'boltbeing provided i at" its 'outer end 'with a head'or' washer 'betweenwhich', 'and the' outer' face "of the bar l'-70-, is interposed acompressionV spring -QOjoperatingv tov draw the adjacent side plate 6l-4laterally or outwardly against the faces of. the cams f-.84-, as bestseen in Fig. 4. As .additional means for supporting the side plat-eseach end is providedwith one or more (preferably two) studs orl bearings`-9'l.- whieh'ride 'upon suitable waysl to' sustain' theweight of'suchside'a'nd guide it in its' inward'` and 'outward movements, as 'bestseen. in'Fig. 5.

Bothp'lates or side pieces' are moved si'iniiL taneously in oppositedirectiiihs by a suit able hydraulic device consisting', in thisinstance, of a cylinder -93- in which is movable a piston similar tothat shown in Fig. 2l for opera'ing the belt or endless bed, the pistonin the cylinder -93- being provided with a rod 941- which is connected,to a crank arm -95- of a rock shaft 96- aidis also...directyconnectedto a link or bar -97-., the latterbeing connected to crank arms 9S- onrock shafts -99-, to which the cams v`8Ll are secured. The rock shaftQ6- extendsl transversely across the machine and is journaled insuitable bearings -100- on 'the under side of one end of the bedsustaining beams --8-'-, the opposite end of said shaft being `'providedwith a crank arm *95- which is attached to a link or bar Q7- similartothe bar 9T- and connected in substantially the same manner to thecorresponding rock shafts of the cams -84-- The cylinder -93-, like .thecylinder -27-, is providedat its opposite ends with ports 1034- and104.- communicating with opposite ends of the piston, the end of v thepiston nearest the port 10S- being larger than the opposite end, and sofar as the constructionv of this cylinderv and piston is concerned, itis substantially the same as that shown in Fig. 2l for operating thebelt except that it is somewhat smaller, the ports #-103- and 1011-being connected by conduits .-I05-' and -106- to suitable supply andrelief valves hereinafter described.

As .clearly shown in Fig. 3, each side 'plate is-foraminous' andpreferably consists of a slotted vplate -107- and a perforated plate108- which is secured by suitable fastening'means, as screws v- 109- tothe outer'plate 107 to permit the exit of the liquid of the solids underpressure therethrough and into the underlying receptacles previouslydescribed. each side plate is provided .with a packing strip -110- lyingsnugly against the upper surface of the adjacent'p'ortion of the beltand preferably inclined downwardly and inwardly fromA the side plate topre- Vvent leakage of the liquid material at this joint, said packingstrip being held in place by a clamping b ar -llland bolt -l12-, as bestseen in Fig. 13.

. I have now described the construction of the endless belt or bed andpress-box, in-

The lower edgel of" f endlessbelt or bedisY atrest; inlet., and "outletgates L59 and SOL-'- are "closed,

and the side plates of the press-box are at their limit of lnwardmovement, the interior of the press-box being then of substantially thesame horizontal area as that of the under side of the press-plate orplaten, the several packing strips previously described on the platenand side plates, as well as on the rear end of the box, serving toprevent the leakage of the liquid at the joints where they are located.As soon as the press plate or platen reaches the limit of itscompression stroke and has started to return sufficient to free itselffrom the compressed material on the bed, the outlet gate -60- is fullylopen, and at the same time the sides are moved a slight distanceoutwardly or laterally sufficient to clear the compressed" material, andthe inlet gate is slightly elevated for the same purpose of clearancefrom the endless bed, but not suflicient to open the discharge end ofthe conduit -58--, Whereupon the endless belt with the compressedmaterial thereon is immediately moved with considerable force in thedirection indicated by arrow X to discharge the material therefrom. Inorder that the dry material on'the bed may be loosened and freed'therefrom during the movement of the bed, I provide a shearing plate-113- which lies atwise in close proximity to and diagonally of theupper surface of the belt with its cutting edge opposed to the movementof such belt, said knife being mounted uponan oscillatory support 114.-which is pivoted at its front end at -115- and its rear end is springpressed downwardly by a spring -116- to hold the cutting edge of theknife in close proximity to the upper surface of the belt, the rear endof the oscillatory frame being provided with a roller 117- adapted toride upon the upper surface of the belt at opposite ends of the knife orplate 113,- to prevent undue friction of the edge of the plate with theupper surface of the belt.

4Safety device for inlet gata-The inlet and outlet gates -59-- and -60-are, as previously d escribed, controlled by separate hydraulic devicesinvolving the use of pressure and relief valves and pistons controlledthereby and connected to their respective gates, and it is, of course,necessary that the outlet gate be absolutely closed before the inletgate is opened, and in order that this action may be rendered morecertain in case of failure of any of the valves or pistons to work atthe proper time, as in case of low pressure or the obstruction of one ofthe valves, I provide a Safety device comprising, in this insta-nce, apair of swinging detents 118- hinged at their upper ends at -119- to aportion of the frame -33-, the

lower ends of saidV detents extending through tents being held in theirnormal position by a spring -l23-- The lower ends of the detents -118-are connected by a link 124- to impart motion from one to the other andare also connected by a link 125- to a crank arin 126- cn a rock shaft-12''. This crank shaft extends longitudinally of the fraine at the endsof the gates and is journaled in suitable bearings upon the adjacentfrance-bar This shaft extends forwardly to a point in close proximity tothe adjacent end of the outlet gate -60-,- and is provided at its frontend with a crank arni --lQS carrying a pivoted pawl 4129 which isadapted to be engaged by shoulder .-130- en the adjacentend of theoutlet! gate -GO-'-, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. l0. The shoulder-130- is adjustable vertically on the gate G0- to properly time theoper, ation of the rock shaft 127 and consequent tripping of the detentsMSM with the closing of the outlet gate; that is, 'the shoulder -130- ispositioned relatively to the pawl -129- on the crank arm 128-v so as torock the shaft `--127- and thereby trip the detents 11S as the outletgate F6()- shuts down upon the bed, thereby freeing the inlet gate -59-and allowing it toE be moved upwardlyby its operating mechanism afterthe outlet gate is closed, the slots 120- being of suflicient length toallow the detents 118- to be shifted laterally a sufficient distance tobring the shouldersA 1-122- into registration therewith.

Value continuant/ mechanism and circulating 8g/stem.-The upper end ofeach platen-lifting piston is rigidly but adjustably connected to aseparate valve-operating bar 131- extending some distance above andco-axial with its corresponding cylinder -52-, and around each bar isgrouped a series of, in this instance, four check valves, a., b, e and fand o, el, g and h, respectively, the valves of each group being securedto a suitable valve-plate d*132- on the upper portion of the fraine 3B-as best seen in Figs. 1, 2. 6 and 7, each valve being provided with apendent operating stein -ieextending downwardly through a suitable Agland 134- in the lower end of the valve casing.

Associated with each group'o'f valves, and also grouped around theadjacent operatingr 13lV is a corresponding number of inder valveoperatinglevers 4135, each mounted upon a separate fulcruni -lon thevalve supporting plate 132-4 and having the intermediate'portion ofit'supper side bearing against the lower'endV of the adjacent valvestein 133- as best seen 1n Fig. 1.8. Each valve is normally closed,either by its own gravity, water pressure or aided by a spring 137-controlling coinniunication between the inletand'outlet ports of thevalve casing, said valves being all of substantially the saineconstruction. The valves of each group are arranged to operate in pairs,one valve of each pair being desig-` nated as the pressure valve, whilethe conipanion valve may be designated the relief valve, the pressurevalves being all connected to a inain pressure or supply pipe H138-,Fig. G, while the relief valves are all connected to a relief pipe line139d and each relief valve'is connected to its corresponding pressurevalve.

The main pressure or supply pipe 13S- is provided with a throttle valveM0- and is connected directly to the upper ends of the gate cylinders6G- and V#6T- through ther upper branch pipes '78, as best seen in Figs.l and 20, and to the rear end of the belt cylinder M27* through the pipe-3Q-, as best seen in Figs. l and 2l, said supply or pressure pipe beingalso con- `nected directly `to the lower ends of the platen liftingcylinders through the pipes -57-, as shown in Figs. l, 2 and 19.

*lach operating rod -l31--F is preferably square in cross section, eachside traveling in close proxiinity to the free end of one of the valveoperating levers B5- as clearly shown in Fig. 1S, said operating rod orbarbeing provided with a series of, in this instance, four valveoperating shoulders, one on each face thereof and cti-acting with one ofthe levers -135- to control the action of the corresponding valve, eachof said shoulders being preferably adjustable bv adjusting screws -l42-,as best seen in Fig. 11,to properly synchronize the niovenient of thelevers and valves, each of said shoulders being held in its adjustedposition by a set screw 143- Fig. 11.

One side of the pressure valve fais connected directly to the pressureline l-38- and the opposite side of saidvalve is connected directly tothe inain platen' cylthrough the medium of the pipe 237-, the latterbeing connected by a branch pipe to 011e side of the relief valve theopposite side of the vrelief valve ?J- being connected tofthe reliefpipe --139-, the opening of the pressure valve aallowingl the pressurefluid to flow into the main pressure cylinder 3afor depressing thepiston 39 while the opening of the relief valve-band closing -of thepressure valve 'aallows the pres- 34 and into the drainage pipe .-139-during the up-stroke of the piston. Thesetwo valves ftand -b, therefore,control the operation of the piston, which, of course, isthe mostimportant feature of-the invention, the operation of the other valvesbeing timed to correspond with the movements of the main piston.

Uontrollz'ag mechanism fofa the mai/a cylz'nder, pressure and reliefcalves-A rotary shaft 14A- is journaled in suitable bearings on theunder side of the superposed auxiliary frame 33- and is provided -with apulley 145- adapted to be connected by a belt to any available source ofpower not shown. This shaft l44- is connected by a suitable train ofgears -146- to a countershaft 147-, the gears being so relativelyvproportioned as to rotate the shaft -l47 at comparatively low speed,one of the gears on the shaft 147- being provided with a laterallyprojecting stud 148- which engages and operates a bell crank lever 149-at each revolution of the shaft -147-. This bell crank lever -149- issecured to a rock shaft 150- having rigid thereon an additional crankarm .-151-- The uprightl arm of the bell crank lever -l49 is connectedto one end ofv a link 152- having its opposite end (with a loss1notion)fconnected to a toggle One end .of this toggle -153- is 15S-pivoted at its lower end 154- to a suitable bearing on the frame 33 andthe upper arm of the same toggle is attached to the under side of theoperating lever -135- f ,for the valve -a.

The other crank arm -151- is connected to one end of a link .155- havingits opposite end connected to a toggle -156-, the latter having itslower arm pivotally mounted upon the lower supporting fra-me -33- andits upper arm attached to the under side of the operating lever 135- forthe relief valve -ZJ-. As the main piston -39- is elevated by itslifting pistons -53- of the cylinders S2- to the limit of its extremeupward movement, the shoulder -a* Fig. 18 for the pressure valveavengages and elevates the free end of the lever 135- thereby openingthe valve -aand at the same time straightening out the toggle 153- andthereby locking said toggle in its straightened position, which operatesto hold the corresponding lever -135- in its elevated position, therebyholding the valve -aopen a suliicient length of time to allowthecompression piston to descend to the limit of its compression stroke, oruntil it acts with full force upon the material under pressure, thisperiod of compression operation of the piston being regulated by andcorresponding to one revolution of the shaft 147- and operating stud1&8* carried ,thereby, which shaft and stud in turn is ,Yti'medtocorrespond in its movement to the `time required for the movement of thepiston through its complete compression ystroke, allowing a short timefor the piston to remain at the limit of it-s compression stroke so asto thoroughly express all liquors from the solids under pressure,whereupon the stud 148'- actuates the bell crank lever 149- to flex thetoggle -l53- to the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 6 to allowthe valve -a to close, and at the same time to rock the crank arm ,-151-to straighten the toggle 156- for opening the relief valve -b-, thetoggle 156- being previously flexed to allow the relief valve to remainclosed during the compression stroke of the piston, or while thepressure valve ais open. It will thus be seen that the pressure valveacloses slightly in advance of, but nearly simultaneously, with the`opening of the relief `valve preparatory'to returning the pi'ston tothe limit of its upward stroke. This return or lifting of the piston isaccomplished through the medium of the cylinder 52.- and iston movabletherein,` by reason of the fact that immediately upon the closing of thevalve -ain the manner just described, there-by'cutting olf the pressureon the main piston, such rpressure, which is always present upon theylower ends of the piston lifting cylinders -52-, yimmediately acts uponthe pistons 53m in said lifting cylinders causing said pistons to riseand thereby carry the platen and main piston upward to the limit ofits'return stroke, the pressure fluid in the main cylinder *3a*- beingexpelled back through the pipe -37- and branch pipe z' through therelief valve band thence into the main relief pipe line -139- which maybe returned to a pressure pump (if the latter is employed) or may beallowed to go to waste according to the source of pressure which isemployed.

It is now apparent from the foregoing description that the pressurevalve -aand relief valve -b, together with the operating shoulders -aand levers 135- for such valves, control the operation of the mainpiston and also control the operation of the lifting pistons in thecylinders -52-.

As previously stated, during the compression stroke of the main piston,the inlet and outlet gates 59- and 60- are closed, the endless bed is atrest and the sides of the press-box are moved in close to thecorresponding sides of the presser-head or platen, such parts remainingin these positions until the pressure fluid to the main cylinder is outoff by the closing of the valve -aand opening of the relief valve -baspreviously described. As soon as the relief valve -bis opened, theplaten begins to rise, therebylifting the operating rods 13bwhich areconnected with the pistons of the lifting cylinders 52 at opposite sidesof the machine, and as soon as these operating rods begin to rise, thevalve 0 Fig. 7, is opened for a very short time by a lug 0 which liftsthe free end of the corresponding lever l35 thereby opening the valve Oand allowing the liquid under pressure to flow from the supply pipe l38through the valve O and thence through a pipe 157 Fig. 7 to the pipe 77at the lower end of the cylinder 66 the stud c being very shortvertically which allows the valve c to close instantly, therebyelevating the rear or inlet gate a slight distance, just suficient toclear the belt or endless bed without opening the inlet, whereupon thevalve d is opened by a lug Z on the same operating rod l3l said lugengaging the lever 135 for the valve cZ and thereby opening said valveand holding it open just after the valve c has been opened and againclosed. This opening of the valve cZ allows the water to flow from themain pressure pipe 138 through a branch pipe l58 and thence through thevalve cland pipe l5v9 which latter connects with the pipe l05 leading tothe cylinder 93 at the large end of the piston, and also connects withthe pipe 7 8 leading to the lower end of the cylinder 67 the main supplypipe l38 being connected to the pipe l06 leading to the fro-nt end ofthe cylinder 93 at the large end of the piston, so that the greaterpressure eX- erted upon the large end of the piston operates to forcesaid piston rearwardly, thereby operating the crank arms 95 andconnections with the cams S4- for releasing the sides 61 of thepress-box and allowing the springs 90 to draw said sides outwardly awayfrom the material in the manner previously described. The pressure pipe138 is also connected to the pipes 7 8 leading to the upper end of thecylinder 66 so that when the valve d is opened in the manner justpreviously described, the main line pressure is on both ends of thefront end or outlet gate 60 but owing to the fact that the lower end ofthe piston in the cylinder 67- is of greater area than the upper end,the piston in the front gate cylinder 67- will be elevated, therebyelevating the front or outlet gate.

It will now be seen that the inlet gate is closed except for a slightelevation sufficient to clear the bed, and that the outlet gate is fullopen, while the sides of the press-box are separated or moved outwardlyto clear the compressed material, all these operations taking placewhile the main piston is moved upwardly to its starting position, themachine being now ready to discharge the compressed solids which restupon the movable bed. Immediately after the end gates and sides havebeen moved to the position just described, the valve Q is opened by alug 6 on the adjacent operating bar l3l which lug engages thecorresponding lever 135 for the valve e as the main piston continues itsupward movement, thereby opening the valve Q and allowing the fluidunder pressure to pass from the main supply pipe 13S through a branchpipe 160 leading to one side of the valve e and thence through saidvalve and a branch pipe 161 to the pipe 3l leading to the front end ofthe belt cylinder 27 the main supply pipe being connected to the pipe 32which leads to the rear end of said belt cylinder at the smaller end ofthe piston in said cylinder, so that the pressure at the front or largerend of the piston will force said piston rearwardly and thereby operatethe rack 23 and pinion 2l to actuate t-he endless bed or belt in themanner previously described for discharging the compressed materialtherefrom. Immediately after the belt has been operate-d in the mannerjust described and the pressure valve e closed, the relief valve f isopened by a lug f on the adjacent operating bar 131 said lug f engagingand operating the correponding lever l35 to open'the valve f therebyrelieving the pressure in the pipe 3l at the front end of the beltcylinder 27 while the main line pressure remains on the small end of thecylinder, thus causing the cylinder 27 to return to its startingposition, the pressure fluid at the front end of the piston in thecylinder 27 flowing back through the pipe 31 and through a branch pipe162- through the valve f and into the relief pipe 139 I have nowdescribed how the material is compressed and discharged from themachine, and in order to repeat the operation it is necessary to restorethe outlet gate to its closed position and the sides of the boX to theirinner position and to then open the inlet gate fully open after theoutlet gate has been closed tightly down upon the bed.

The outlet gate is closed first, or rather simultaneously, with inwardmovement of the sides of the boX, and in order to accomplish this thevent valve Q is opened by a lug g on the adjacent operating rod 131 asthe piston continues to move upwardly, which movement is very slow andlaffords ample time for the discharge of the material in the mannerdescribed. This lug g engages and elevates its corresponding lever 135thereby opening the valve g and relieving the pressure at the lower endof the piston in the cylinders 67 and 93 while the main line pressureremains on the upper end of the piston, thereby depressing said pistonand closing the outlet gate, the back-flow water from the cylinderpassing through the lower pipe -78-- and thence upwardly through abranch passage 163- and through the valve -gto `the relief pipe -139-.During this closing of the outlet gate the pressure at the rearend ofthe cam cylinder -93- is relieved, by the same valve g1- while thepressure on the front end of the cam cylinder -93- is relieved throughthe pipe --106-, allowing the pressure at the opposite or rear end ofthe cylinder to return the piston and sides of the press-box operatedthereby to their normal positions. It is now only necessary to open theinlet or rear gate, which is accomplished by a lug -c-, directly under,but some distance from, the short lug -GM on the same operating rod, thelug -cengaging and elevating the corresponding lever -135- to again openthe valve O thereby admitting the fluid under pressure to the rearcylinder -66- for elevating its piston and opening the gate connectedthereto, thus permitting the tankage, such as' liquid garbage, to flowfrom the supply pipe -58-- into the press-box beneath the presser-head.The inlet gate remains open a sufficient time to permit the desiredtankage or other material to flow into the pressbox and while the mainpiston is still moving upward, the period of opening of the inlet beingdetermined by the length of the lug -c-. As soon as the lug 0- passesthe corresponding lever operated thereby, said lever closes by its owngravity, or aided by the valve spring, thereby causing the closing ofthe valve -0-, and immediately after this valve -0- is closed itscompanion relief valve -L- is opened by a lug lL-- on the adjacentoperating bar 131'- thereby relieving the pressure in the lower end ofthe cylinder -66- and pipe -78- leading therefrom, while the mainpressure remains upon the upper end of the cylinder, the pressure Huidflowing back through the lower pipe 78- and up through a branch pipe164- through the valve -hand into the reliefpipe -139-, thus permittingthe closing of the'inlet gate, whereupon the machine is ready for arepetition of the pressing operation previously described.

Relief @alega-In order to prevent any possibility of rendering themachine inop-` erative by leakages in any of the ressure or reliefvalves, I provide safety va ves mand -n-, Fig. 7, which are located inthe pipes leading to the bottom end of the front and rear gatecylinders, each valve being connected by a pipe --0- to the main reliefpipe R9- These valves are provided with operating levers -Z- which areconnected to a sliding bar -s-, the latter having `one end guided in asuitable bearing -uand its other' end connected to crank arm*wprojecting upwardly from the rock shaft -l50 (see Fig. 7), which isactuated by the stud -148-- and lever -149-, Fig. 6. The valves mfand-aare in their open positions when pressure is being applied to thelarge cylinder and the platen is moving down onto the material. When thetime is up for this movement and the stud 148- engages the operatinglever -149-, it moves the bars 152- and 155- forward and also moves thebar -s-, Fig. 7, which closes the two safety valves -mand 71,- duringthe operation of all the other valves. When the stud 148- leaves thelever 149- these valves Wband -nare thrown back to their open positions,in which position they remain during the entire pressing operation, sothat in case of a leak in any of the 1operating valves, the safetyvalves mfand -nallow that leakage to pass back to the tank through thepipe 0- into the main relief pipe .-139- without interfering with theoperation of the machine. If it were not for these valvesthe leak, whichis liable to occur at times, would allow the water to go to the bottomend of the gate cylinders and open them during the pressing operation,and would thereby allow the material to be pushed out under the gate,which would, of course, be very objectionable.

An inverted U-shape pipe -170-` is con-v nected at its ends to the mainpressure pipe 138- and to the relief'pipe 139- and extends some distanceabove the horizontal plane of the pressure and relief valves, and

is provided near the bend at its upper end with a check valve 171- toprevent the pressure fluid from siphoning over and draining the uprightleg which is connected to the main pressure pipe.

I have shown in Figs. 3 and 5 additional steam heating pipes -Pextending transversely and lengthwise under the upper por-l tion of theendless bed or belt for the purpose of heating the latter and therebyaiding in the liberation of the fats and oils from the material underpressure. What I claim is 1. In a press of the character described, a

bed, a press-box adj acent to the bed, a press-` surface of the bed,means for moving the press-head, and additional means for operating thesides of the box.

3. In a press of the character described, a'.

for the press-head.

4. In a press of the character described, a bed for supporting thematerial to be pressed, a `press-box for confining such material on thebed and provided with opposite movable sides having packing stripsslidably engaging the bed, means for actuating the press-head, andadditional means for actuating the movable sides of the box.

5. In a press of the character described, a supporting bed for thematerial to be pressed, a confining box for the material having inletand outlet ates, a press-head movable in the box toward and from thebed, hydraulic means for operating the presshead, and additionalhydraulic means controlled bythe movement of the press-head foroperating the gates.

6. In a press of the character described, a bed for the material to bepressed, a confining box for the material to be pressed having laterallymovable sides, a press-head, hydraulic means for operating thepress-head, and additional hydraulic devices controlled by the movementof the press-head for oper- 'ating the movable sides of the box.

7. In a press of the character described, a movable supporting bed forthe material to be pressed, a press-box for confining the material onthe bed, a press-head movable toward and from the bed, hydraulic meansfor operating said press-head, and additional hydraulic means separatefrom that which operates the press-head and controlled by the movementof said press-head for operating the movable bed.

8. In a press of the character described, a supporting bed for thematerial to be pressed, a press-box for confining the material on t-hebed and provided with inlet and outlet gates, an adjustable shearingplate with which the inlet gate shears, a presshead movable in the boxtoward and from the bed, hydraulic means for actuating the press-head,and additional means controlled by the movement of the press-head foropening and closingthe gates.

9. In a press of the character described, a supporting bed for thematerial to be pressed, a press-box having inlet and outlet gates, apacking trip at the lower end of the inlet gate and bearing upon theupper surface of the bed, a press-head movable in the box toward andfrom the bed, hydraulic means for operating the press-head, andadditional means controlled by the movement vof the press-head foropening and closing the gates.

l0. In a press of the character described, a supporting bed for thematerial to be pressed, a press-box confining the materia-l on the bedand provided with inlet and outlet gates and having its opposite sidesmovable laterally, a press-head movable in the box toward and from thebed, hydraulic means for actuating the press-head, additional meanscontrolled by the movement of the press-head for opening and closing thegates, and further means also controlled by the press-head for movingthe sides of the box laterally.

11. In a press of the character described, a movable supporting bed forthe material to be pressed, a press-box for confining the material onsaid bed and provided with inlet and outlet gates and laterally movablesides, a press-head movable in the box toward and from the bed,hydraulic means for operating said head, separate hydraulic devicescontrolled by the movement of t-he press-head for opening and closingthe gates, additional hydraulic means controlled by the movement of thepress-head for operating the sides of the box laterally, and furthermeans also controlled by the movement oflthe press-head for operatingthe movable be 12. In a press of the character described, a supportingbed for the material to be pressed, a press-box for confining thematerial on the bed and provided with inlet and outlet gates, a metalpacking strip at the lower edge of the inlet gate and bearing upon thebed, additional metal packing strips running along the lower edges ofthe sides of the box and also bearing upon the upper surface of the bed,a press-head movable in the box toward and from the bed, hydraulic meansfor operating said presshead, and separate hydraulic devices controlledby the movement of the press-head for operating the gates.

13. In a press of the character described, a movable endless bed forsupporting the material to be pressed, a press-box confining t-hematerial on a portion of said bed, a press-head movable toward and fromthe bed, means for actuating the press-head, additional means foractuating the endless bed, and a stripping knife running transverselyacross the upper surface of the bed with its cutting edge in closeproximity to, and opposed to, the movement of the upper portion of thebed for freeing the material from said bed as the latter is moved todischarge the pressed material therefrom.

14. In a press of the character described, a supporting bed for thematerial to be pressed, a press-box for confining the mate-

